Permanent waving device



Jan. 13, 1953 THRESA PAZUL 2,625,164

' NOW BY CHANGE OF NAME TERRI MARIE PAZUL PERMANENT WAVING DEVICE FiledJan. 4, 1949 2 SHEETS-r-SHEET 1 21 Z9 11 6 46 a4 a5 w J3 awe/whoa,

Til/PESA PAZUL N0 8) CHANGE OF AIME TERR/ HER/E PAZUL ATTORN EYS THRESAPAZUL 2,625,154 NOW BY CHANGE OF NAME TERRI MARIE PAZUL PERMANENT WAVINGDEVICE Jan. 13, 1953 Filed Jan. 4, 1949 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 Tl/REJA PAZULNOW BY (WA/V65 0/-' NAME TERR/ MAR/E PAZl/L kw z zz ATTORNEYS PatentedJan. 13, 1953 OFFICE" PERMANENT WAVING DEVICE Thresa Pazul, Berwyn,Ill.,-now by change of name Terri Marie Pazul Application January 4,1949, Serial'No. 69,214

3 Claims. 1 This invention relates to a permanent waving device andmethod of wavinghair.

In the usual permanent waving of hair, it is the common practice toapply heat to curls 'saturated with a suitable permanent waving lotion.

In forming the curls thus heated, individual flat strands of hair areplacedbetween spacers arranged close to the scalp whereuponthe spacersare brought into clamping engagement to hold the spacers in position. Itis then necessary for the operator to straighten out the strand of hair,apply a turn or more of the end of the strand around a roller, thenrotate the roller to wind up the hair thereon, and thus move the rollerinto proximity to the spacer. The roller, in accordance withconventional accepted practice, is rotated so that the bottom of theroller turns toward the head, and when the roller comes intopredetermined engagement with the spacer, most devices of this characterprovide for an extra partial turn of the roller whereupon the latterbecomes locked in engagement with the spacer to hold the hair curleduntil after the application of heat thereto for a predetermined lengthof time.

Such devices are reasonably satisfactory in operation. However, they aredisadvantageous in several ways.' In the first place, the rollers andspacers are wholly separate units completely independent of each otheruntil a strand of hair has been completely rolled as stated. This factrequires many separate independent movements of the operators hands inmanipulating both the spacer and the roller thus requiring aconsiderable length of time for the formation of the curls. Moreover,the quite numerous separate operations are very tiring to the operator.

With conventional devices, the turning under of each strand of hair asit is curled requires the setting of the curls usually by reversing thedirection of the curl in performin the setting operation. This is alsoquit a time-consuming operation.

I have found that innately beautiful curls can be formed solely throughthe permanent waving operation without subsequent setting by 'form ingthe curls through the rotation of the roller with the top thereof movingtoward instead of away from the head. With such method, it merely isnecessary after the completion of the permanent waving operation andthewashing of the hair to remove the waving solution, to run a combthrough the hair whereupon the latter takes a natural curl as desiredwithout any subsequent setting operation.

I have also found that it is wholly unnecessary to make the spacer androller as separate units and an important object of the presentinvention is to form these units as a single unit thus greatlyfacilitating the application of the device to the hair and substantiallyreducing the number of operations necessary, reducing the time necessaryfor completely preparing thehair for the heating operation, and verymaterially reducing operator fatigue incident-to a permanent wavingoperation.

A further object is'to provide a novel combined hair spacer and curlroller of such character that both devices can be simultaneously placedin position on the head with substantially no more labor than isinvolved in the application of the usual roller alone.

A further object is to provide a novel combination of the characterreferred to wherein the spacer travels with the roller, but not inclamping or gripping engagement with the hair during the rotation of theroller to form the curl, the'spacer serving as a handle to facilitateholdin the device while a strand of hair is being rolled.

' A further object is to provide such a device wherein the roller andspacer form a'permanent unit with the roller permanently journaledrelative to the spacer to facilitate the formation of individual curls,and to provide a. novel form of locking means for fixing the rolleragainst reverse rotation after a curl has been formed thereon. I I

A further object is to provide a device of the character just referredto wherein the locking means for the roller is of a'novei type 'so thatthe operator may instantly ompietuy' release the roller from lockingengagement with the spacer for the rapid unrolling of the curl and theremoval of the device from the hair.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparentduring the course of the following description.

In the drawing, I have shown one embodiment of the invention. In thisshowing,

Figure 1 is a perspective viewshowing thedevice in solid lines in theposition of the parts adjacent the head and with the device shown indotted lines with the parts in the positions they will occupy when thecurl-forming operation is initiated.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the device, parts being shown insection, V

Figure 3 is a bottom plan view of the'device,

Figure 4 is a top face view of the'deviceshowing the movable spacer armopen and showin the clamping device for such arm in solid lines in theunlocked position and in dotted lines in the locked position,

Figure 5 is a detailed sectional view on line 55 of Figure 4,

Figure 6 is a similar view on line 5-6 of Fi ure 4,

Figure 7 is a similar view on line 'l--'| of Figure 4, and

Figure 8 is an enlarged side elevation looking from the side of thedevice opposite that shown in Figure 2.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 50 designates the spacer deviceas a whole and the numeral ll designates the curl-forming roller deviceas a whole, these two devices being combined into a single unit asdescribed in detail below.

The spacer It comprises a stationary arm 14 having lateral projections15 and 16 (Figure 3) at its respective ends. A swinging arm H is pivotedas at IE to the projection 15, and the arm 11 accordingly being capableof swinging toward and away from the stationary arm l4. The arms l4 and[1' are provided with relatively thick split rubber or similar jackets18a of approximately G-shape in cross-section (Figure '7) snapped aroundthe arms 14 and H.

The free end of the arm i1 is adapted to be clamped in operativeposition in proximity to the arm I4, that is, in the position shown insolid lines in Figure 1 and in Figure 7. For this purpose, the free endof the arm I! is slightly cut away as "at 20 for engagement with a cam2| carried by :a small lever arm 22 pivotally connected to theprojection 16 as at 23.

The ends of the arm l4 and the respective projections l5 and i6 carryoutstanding ears 2B and 29 respectively forming bearings for a waveroller or curling rod 30. The roller 30 per se is of the conventionaltype and is provided with the usual hair holding arm 31 pivoted theretoas at 32. One end of the roller is provided with a preferably integralaxial extension 33 journaled in the bearing car 28. The opposite end ofthe roller is provided with a screw 34 threaded in the roller and havinga smooth projecting end journaled in the bearing ear 29. The ends of theroller 30 inwardly of the extension 33 and screw 34 are larger than suchextension and screw formin shoulders, the distance between the shouldersbeing substantially less than the distance between the bearings topermit limited axial movement of the curling rod relative to the spacerfor a purpose to be described. The roller is preferably lightly knurledintermediate its ends as at 35 to facilitate the starting of the turningof a strand of hair about the roller.

A collar is preferably driven on the end of the roller 30 adjacent theear 28 and is provided in its outer edge with ratchet teeth 4|. The ear'28 is provided with an inwardly turned stationary pawl 42 (Figures 2,4, 6 and 8) engageable with the ratchet teeth 4!. Attention is invitedto the fact that the roller 30 is provided with endwise play or axialsliding movement whereby the ratchet teeth are engageable with the pawl42 as shown in Figure 8 or are completely releasable therefrom uponslight endwise movement of the roller as shown in Figures 2 and 4. Axialmovement of the roller or rod 30 in a direction to release the ratchetteeth from the pawl 42 is limited by engagement of the shoulder thereonat the end opposite the ratchet teeth with the adj'a-cent bearing. It isparticularly noted that no biasing means is employed for holding thepawl and ratchet teeth in engagement, the bringing into engagement ofthese elements being a manual function of the operator. For thispurpose, and for the purpose of conveniently rotating the roller, theaxial projection 33 is provided with a handle 45 fitted into a slot 46in the projection 33 and fixed in position by a screw 41.

Operation Particular attention is invited to the fact that the presentdevice is unitary as distinguished from the conventional practice offorming the hair spacer and the roller as separate units. To assemblethese units, the axial projection, without the handle 45 attachedthereto and without the screw 34 in position, is inserted endwisethrough the opening in the ear 28. There is sufficient play in thisopening to permit the roller 30 to assume the angular position necessaryfor the assembling operation referred to. The roller 30 then has itsends swung downwardly to the normal position shown in Figure 2,whereupon the screw 34 is inserted and tightened. The handle 45 is thenattached in the obvious manner, whereupon the device is permanentlyassembled.

When the device is to be used, the arm I? is swung outwardly from thestationary arm 14, and the hair-holding device 3! is swung away from therod or roller. The right hand end of the device, as viewed in Figure 4,is held in such position that the member 31 is held between theforefinger and thumb while the stationary bar In is held between thefore and middle fingers. A strand of hair, saturated with the permanentwaving solution, is held in the left hand passing between the index andmiddle fingers and the end of the strand of hair is held between thethumb and ring finger. The strand of hair is passed through the openingformed between the stationary and movable arms 14 and H (Figure 4), andholding the hair as described above, the end of the strand is placed onthe rod or roller 3!] and held securely by the index finger of the righthand and the thumb of th left hand. The thumb of the right hand thenmoves the clamping bar 31 toward the rod to secure the hair thereon.

The rod or roller 30 and the hair clamp 3| are held between the thumband index finger of the left hand and the stationary frame is heldagainst the inner portion of the third and fourth fingers of the lefthand. The index finger of the right hand is on the clamping bar 3!, aspreviously described, holding this element in engagement with the strandof hair. The right hand thumb then raises the lowered arm llsubstantially to a closed but not locking or clamping position.

With the left hand in the position just described above, the curling rod30 is then turned in an upward or natural curling direction for a fewturns, namely in a clockwise direction as viewed from the right hand endof Figure 4. This operation initially takes place with the ratchet andpawl disengaged. After the initial few turns the operator pulls thehandl 45 toward the right as viewed in Figure 4 to engage the ratchet 4with the pawl 42. The operator now changes the position of the righthand to place the middle third and little fingers on the top of thestationary bar it. The left hand thumb then brings the arm 22 downwardlyfrom the solid line position in Figure 4 to a substantially verticalposition.

The hair is then wound bycontinuing the rotation of the handle 45 untilthe left hand fingers atthe back of the device I!) contact the head.

With the hands still in the same position, the left hand thumb moves thearm 22 inwardly to the locking position shown in dotted lines in Figure4, thereby firmly locking the device It! in engagement with the hairstrand adjacent the head. The final tension is then laced on the hair byturning the handle" 4'5 to move the ratchet 4| one-or two notches overthepawl 42. The rod or roller 39 will then belocked inits finalposition.

Heat is then applied to the hair in any desired manner for the usuallength of time. Thereafter, the removal of the devic from the hair isvery simply accomplished. The operator pushes the handle 45 toward theleft, instantly disengaging the ratchet teeth M from the pawl 42. Thearm 22 is then swung to the unlocked position shown in solid lines inFigure 4 whereupon the arm I! is lowered. The ntire device is then movedaway from the head as a unit, the curling rod being wholly free torotate throughout such operation.

During the entire operation of the present device, the operators handsremain in close proximity to the unit, thus saving many motions whichordinarily have to be carried out with devices of this character. Withconventional devices, a strand of hair must be combed out and theclamping or spacing unit corresponding to the device I0 is placed inposition adjacent the head and locked in position. This must beaccomplished by the use of both of the operators hands, it beingnecessary to drop the strand of hair while looking the device inposition. The operator must then pick up the curling rod, again pick upthe strand of hair, and possibly have to comb it out straight, whereuponthe hair is initially turned around the roller and both hands of theoperator used to rotate the roller toward the head to bring it intoengagement with the previously applied spacer device. Thus the placingof the two devices in final operative position requires separate anddistinct operations which are far more timeccnsuming and tiring thanwith the present device. Both hands of the operator conventionally areneeded to rotate the curling rod, the fingers of the two handsalternately applying a rotating force to the rod. With the presentdevice, th operator merely holds the device It with the left hand whileturning the handle through succesive motions, the ratchet device holdingthe curling rod in successive positions to which it is turned. Thisoperation is much simpler than in conventional devices wherein there isno means present to support the curling rod and to prevent its reverserotation while being wound up toward the head.

It also will be noted that the removal of the present device is a simpleand quickly accomplished step. It merely is necessary to release theratchet and release the arm I! whereupon the performance of the singlemotion of moving the device away from the head disengages it from thehair. With conventional devices, it is necessary to manually release aratchet or other holding means, move the unsupported curling rod awayfrom the hair while holding the rod with the fingers of both hands untilthe rod is completely removed from the hair. The operator then mustplace the curling rod on a table and then go back to the head to releasethe device corresponding to the present device l0.

It will be obvious, therefore, that with conventional devices it isnecessary for the operator .6 to perform man-y more hand motions thanwith the present device'because of the numerous'-addi tional stepsrequired. It has' been found with the present device that the hair canbe prepared for the application of heat in much less time and the devicemay be removed after the application of heat in a much shorter-time thanis conventionally required, and with very much less fatigue to theoperator.

It also will be particularly noted that, looking from the rightha'nd endof the device in Figure 4, the roller or rod 30 is turned in a clockwisedirection in winding up the hair. That is, the bottom of the rod-turnsupwardly andoutwardly away from the head, which is the reverse of thedirection of rotation conventionally used with devices of thischaracter. Conventional devices are turned in the opposite direction,and after the curls have been formed, it is necessary to set the hairusually reversing the direction of turning of the curls. The method ofcurling the hair with the present device is such that after the curlingoperation has been completed and the waving solution washed from thehair, it merely is necessary to dry the hair and comb it out and thewaving of the hair is completed.

I claim:

1. A permanent waving device comprising a hair strand engaging spacer,bearing supports on said spacer provided with circular bearing openings,a curling rod having portions thereonpermanently rotatably mounted insaid openings, and interengaging means on said rod and spacer forpreventing rotation of said rod in one direction, the ends of said rodinwardly of said portions being larger than said portions formingshoulders, the distance between said shoulders being substantially lessthan the distance between said :bearing supports to permit limited axialmovement of said rod relative to said spacer for engaging anddisengaging said interengaging means.

2. A permanent waving device comprising a spacer having a relativelystationary arm and a relatively movable arm, means secured to the spacerfor locking said movable arm relative to said stationary arm to grip astrand of hair between said arms, bearings carried by said stationaryarm and provided with circular bearing openings, a curling rodpermanently rotatably mounted in said bearing openings, interengageablemeans on said rod and one of said bearings for preventing rotation ofsaid rod in one direction, said rod being axially slidable in saidbearing openings whereby said interengageable means may be moved intoand out of engagement, and means on said rod engageable with one of saidbearings to limit axial movement thereof when said interengaging meansare moved out of engagement.

3. A permanent waving device comprising a spacer having a relativelystationary arm including lateral projections at its ends, a movable armpivotally connected to one of said lateral projections for swingingmovement toward and away from said stationary arm, a locking campivotally connected to the other of said projections and movable tolocking position holding the adjacent end of said movable arm inproximity to arms having resilient hair-engaging elements exsaidstationary arm, the adjacent edges of said tending therealong, spacedbearings carried by and fixed to the ends of said stationary arm andprovided with circular bearing openings, a curling rod having circularaxial projections at its ends permanently journaled in said bearingopenings, interengaging means on said rod and one of said bearings forpreventing rotation of said rod in one direction, said rod being axiallyslidable in said bearing openings whereby said interengageable means maybe moved into and out of engagement, and means on said rod engageablewith one of said bearings to limit axial movement thereof when saidinterengaging means are moved out of engagement.

THRESA PAZUL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

Number Number 8 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Bonat Feb. 2, 1932Decker Feb. 9, 1937 Santurello May 10, 1938 Flinn May 2, 1939 SnyderDec. 9, 1941 Grant Aug. 3, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France June24, 1938

